Pervomaisk is a southern Ukrainian city located in the Nikolaev region of Ukraine. It was formed in the 1920s by combining three settlements: Golta, Bogopol and Olviopol. With the unification, the railway station was named after Golta.

Olviopol received the status of a county town in the 18th century. Despite the status of the city, Olviopol was inferior to neighboring Golta and Bogopol. The life of the bourgeoisie differed little from that of the villagers. In the 1860s, no more than 199 Jews lived in the city, but it had its own synagogue. By the end of the 19th century, the Jewish population of Olviopol increased to 1.4 thousand people. There were four synagogues in the city.

Bogopol until the 1850s was the ancestral estate of the Potocki counts. At the end of the 18th century, no more than 140 Jews lived here. After joining the Russian Empire, the settlement fell into the Pale of Settlement. Already by the 1840s, the Jewish population here increased almost tenfold compared to the Polish period, and amounted to 1.3 thousand people. By the end of the 19th century, 5.9 thousand Jews lived in Bogopol. By the beginning of the twentieth century, the city had seven synagogues, a Jewish hospital and a library, a private male school, a cheder and a Talmud Torah.

Golta is a village founded as a settlement by Ukrainian Cossacks in the middle of the 18th century on Turkish lands. The Turkish authorities were interested in settling lands in the area of ​​the Southern Bug; therefore, they provided tax benefits to settlers, among whom were Jews.

According to the Treaty of Jassy of 1791, the settlement was under the jurisdiction of the Russian Empire and existed in the status of a village in the Kherson province. Thanks to the construction of the railway in the 1860s, Golta received additional development. By the end of the 19th century, 7.3 thousand people lived in the village. Of these, 1.2 thousand were Jews. In Golta, Jewish architecture has been preserved, including the Jewish House of Culture - a building in the shape of the Star of David.

Thus, by the beginning of the twentieth century, of the three cities, Bogopol possessed the largest Jewish population.

In 1905, pogroms took place in all three settlements. In Bogopol, there were no human sacrifices, but the Torah scroll suffered. According to historians, visitors from Odessa were involved in organizing the pogrom.

In the 1920s, three settlements merged into one. Already in 1924, the population census of Pervomaisk showed that 10 thousand Jews and 7 thousand Ukrainians lived there. By the late 1930s, the Jewish population had tripled. There were 11 synagogues, seven Jewish schools and a Shochet workshop in the city.

Until the 1970s, when the city's reconstruction began, entire Jewish quarters were preserved.

A revival of Jewish life took place in the late 1990s. Since 1998, a Jewish community has been registered in the city.